linux使用mysqldump+expect+crontab实现mysql周期冷备份思路详解

一、遇到的问题

我们使用过mysqldump都知道，使用该命令后，需要我们手动输入 mysql的密码，那么我们就不能够直接在crontab中使用mysqldump实现周期备份。其实我们可以使用expect脚本自动输入密码，从而实现真正的周期备份。如果你不知道什么是expect，建议先请看这篇文章：https://www.jb51.net/article/197865.htm

二、思路

创建一个utils文件，里面存放shell脚本，包括mysqldump、scp等命令
使用expect脚本，执行utils内的脚本，并为其自动输入密码
最后使用驱动脚本，执行expect，在该脚本里面传入需要的参数

思路如下：

在这里插入图片描述

三、代码

3.1、单机冷备份

（1）mysqldump的shell脚本
backup.sh:

#!/bin/bashmysql_username=$1backup_databases=$2backup_path=$3mysqldump -u ${mysql_username} -p --databases ${backup_databases} > ${backup_path}

#!/usr/bin/expectset timeout 5#设置本机信息set mysql_username [lindex $argv 0] set backup_database [lindex $argv 1] set backup_path [lindex $argv 2] #utils路径set utils_path /home/hadoop/backup_script/utilsspawn bash ${utils_path}/backup.sh ${mysql_username} ${backup_database} ${backup_path}expect {"*assword*" {send "nimabidecao1\r"} #输入密码}expect eof

#!/bin/bash#这里的数据就可以写死了mysql_username=rootbackup_databases=schoolbackup_path=$HOME/backup_data/${backup_databases}.sql#运行expect脚本expect $HOME/backup_script/single_cold_backup/single_cold_backup_service.exp ${mysql_username} ${backup_databases} ${backup_path}

（4）使用crontab周期执行驱动脚本
进入crontab编辑：crontab -e
输入如下内容：

0 9 * * 1 bash /home/hadoop/backup_script/single_cold_backup/single_cold_backup_driver.sh

3.2、双机冷备份

（1）复制远程文件，用于拷贝本地机的mysql备份文件
scp.sh:

#!/bin/bashlocal_backup_path=$1another_user=$2another_ip=$3another_backup_path=$4scp ${local_backup_path} ${another_user}@${another_ip}:${another_backup_path}

#!/usr/bin/expectset timeout 5#主机信息set mysql_username [lindex $argv 0] set backup_database [lindex $argv 1] set backup_path [lindex $argv 2] #从机信息set slave_user [lindex $argv 3]set slave_ip [lindex $argv 4]set slave_backup_path [lindex $argv 5]#utils路径set utils_path /home/hadoop/backup_script/utilsspawn bash ${utils_path}/backup.sh ${mysql_username} ${backup_database} ${backup_path}expect {"*assword*" {send "nimabidecao1\r"} #输入密码}spawn bash ${utils_path}/scp.sh ${backup_path} ${slave_user} ${slave_ip} ${slave_backup_path}expect {  "*assword*" {send "nimabidecao1\r"} #输入密码}expect eof

#!/bin/bash#本机信息mysql_username=rootbackup_databases=schoolbackup_path=$HOME/backup_data/${backup_databases}.sql#从机信息slave_user=meizhaoweislave_ip=172.20.10.14slave_backup_path=backup_data/doule_cold_backup_data/${backup_databases}.sql#执行写绝对路径expect $HOME/backup_script/double_cold_backup/double_cold_backup_service.exp ${mysql_username} ${backup_databases} ${backup_path} ${slave_user} ${slave_ip} ${slave_backup_path}

0 9 * * 1 bash /home/hadoop/backup_script/double_cold_backup/double_cold_backup_driver.sh

一、遇到的问题

二、思路

三、代码

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