Android(安卓)实现绚丽多彩的TextView

1.SpannableString简介

SpannableString 其实和String一样，都是字符串，都是实现CharSequence接口的字符串，所以TextView也可以直接设置。SpannableString作为显示文本，不同的地方就是SpannableString的一些api可以解决我们显示复杂文本的需求，可以指定设置显示区间。

2.SpannableString设置TextView的方法

setSpan(Object what, int start, int end, int flags)

参数1：what - 显示的格式图片？文本？颜色？背景色？等

参数2：start - 显示的位置字符串起始坐标

参数3：end - 显示的位置字符串的结束坐标

参数4：flags - 四种坐标的计算规则

flags共有四种属性：

Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE 从起始下标到终了下标，包括起始下标

Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE 从起始下标到终了下标，同时包括起始下标和终了下标

Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE 从起始下标到终了下标，但都不包括起始下标和终了下标

Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE 从起始下标到终了下标，包括终了下标

参数1 what举例

ForegroundColorSpan：设置文本字体颜色

BackgroundColorSpan：设置文本字体背景颜色

UnderlineSpan：设置文本下划线

ImageSpan：设置添加图片

ClickableSpan：为部分文本添加添加事件，类似于微博的@，#话题# 中点击话题可以跳转话题界面一样

SuperscriptSpan：为文字设置上标

SubscriptSpan：为文字设置下标

StyleSpan：为文字设置粗体、斜体等风格

URLSpan：设置超链接文本，和ClickableSpan类似

RelativeSizeSpan：设置文字相对大小，在TextView原有的文字大小的基础上，相对设置文字大小

StrikethroughSpan：为文本设置中划线，也就是常说的删除线

SpannableStringBuilder：类似StringBuilder，可以使用append()方法实现字符串拼接，非常方便。同样，SpannableString中也有SpannableStringBuilder，顾名思义，就是实现对，SpannableString的一个拼接效果，同样是append()方法，可以实现各种风格效果的SpannableString拼接，非常实用。

3.代码实现

布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

Activity

package com.wjn.viewlistdemo.activity.textview;import android.graphics.Color;import android.graphics.Typeface;import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;import android.os.Bundle;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.text.SpannableString;import android.text.SpannableStringBuilder;import android.text.Spanned;import android.text.TextPaint;import android.text.method.LinkMovementMethod;import android.text.style.BackgroundColorSpan;import android.text.style.ClickableSpan;import android.text.style.ForegroundColorSpan;import android.text.style.ImageSpan;import android.text.style.RelativeSizeSpan;import android.text.style.StrikethroughSpan;import android.text.style.StyleSpan;import android.text.style.SubscriptSpan;import android.text.style.SuperscriptSpan;import android.text.style.URLSpan;import android.text.style.UnderlineSpan;import android.view.View;import android.widget.ImageView;import android.widget.TextView;import android.widget.Toast;import com.wjn.viewlistdemo.R;import com.wjn.viewlistdemo.utils.StatusBarUtil;public class TextViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    private TextView textView1, textView2, textView3, textView4, textView5, textView6,            textView7, textView8, textView9, textView10, textView11, textView12;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_textview);        //根据状态栏颜色来决定 状态栏背景 用黑色还是白色 true:是否修改状态栏字体颜色        StatusBarUtil.setStatusBarMode(this, false, false, R.color.colorPrimary);        initView();    }    /**     * 初始化各种View     */    private void initView() {        textView1 = findViewById(R.id.textview1);        textView2 = findViewById(R.id.textview2);        textView3 = findViewById(R.id.textview3);        textView4 = findViewById(R.id.textview4);        textView5 = findViewById(R.id.textview5);        textView6 = findViewById(R.id.textview6);        textView7 = findViewById(R.id.textview7);        textView8 = findViewById(R.id.textview8);        textView9 = findViewById(R.id.textview9);        textView10 = findViewById(R.id.textview10);        textView11 = findViewById(R.id.textview11);        textView12 = findViewById(R.id.textview12);        //设置文本字体颜色        SpannableString spannableString1 = new SpannableString("设置文字的前景色为淡蓝色");        ForegroundColorSpan colorSpan1 = new ForegroundColorSpan(Color.parseColor("#0099EE"));        spannableString1.setSpan(colorSpan1, 9, spannableString1.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        textView1.setText(spannableString1);        //设置文本背景颜色        SpannableString spannableString2 = new SpannableString("设置文字的背景色为淡绿色");        BackgroundColorSpan colorSpan2 = new BackgroundColorSpan(Color.parseColor("#AC00FF30"));        spannableString2.setSpan(colorSpan2, 9, spannableString2.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        textView2.setText(spannableString2);        //为文本设置下划线        SpannableString spannableString3 = new SpannableString("为文字设置下划线");        UnderlineSpan underlineSpan3 = new UnderlineSpan();        spannableString3.setSpan(underlineSpan3, 5, spannableString3.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        textView3.setText(spannableString3);        //为文本设置图片        SpannableString spannableString4 = new SpannableString("在文本中添加表情（表情）");        Drawable drawable = getResources().getDrawable(R.mipmap.ic_launcher);        drawable.setBounds(0, 0, 42, 42);        ImageSpan imageSpan4 = new ImageSpan(drawable);        spannableString4.setSpan(imageSpan4, 6, 8, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        textView4.setText(spannableString4);        //为文本设置点击事件        SpannableString spannableString5 = new SpannableString("为文字设置点击事件");        MyClickableSpan clickableSpan5 = new MyClickableSpan("https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_37730482");        spannableString5.setSpan(clickableSpan5, 5, spannableString5.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        textView5.setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance());        textView5.setHighlightColor(Color.parseColor("#36969696"));        textView5.setText(spannableString5);        //为文本设置上标        SpannableString spannableString6 = new SpannableString("为文字设置上标");        SuperscriptSpan superscriptSpan6 = new SuperscriptSpan();        spannableString6.setSpan(superscriptSpan6, 5, spannableString6.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        textView6.setText(spannableString6);        //为文本设置下标        SpannableString spannableString7 = new SpannableString("为文字设置下标");        SubscriptSpan subscriptSpan7 = new SubscriptSpan();        spannableString7.setSpan(subscriptSpan7, 5, spannableString7.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        textView7.setText(spannableString7);        //为文本设置粗体斜体等风格        SpannableString spannableString8 = new SpannableString("为文字设置粗体、斜体风格");        StyleSpan styleSpan_B = new StyleSpan(Typeface.BOLD);        StyleSpan styleSpan_I = new StyleSpan(Typeface.ITALIC);        spannableString8.setSpan(styleSpan_B, 5, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        spannableString8.setSpan(styleSpan_I, 8, 10, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        textView8.setHighlightColor(Color.parseColor("#36969696"));        textView8.setText(spannableString8);        //为文本设置超链接        SpannableString spannableString9 = new SpannableString("为文字设置超链接");        URLSpan urlSpan9 = new URLSpan("https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_37730482");        spannableString9.setSpan(urlSpan9, 5, spannableString9.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        textView9.setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance());        textView9.setHighlightColor(Color.parseColor("#36969696"));        textView9.setText(spannableString9);        //为文本设置相对大小        SpannableString spannableString10 = new SpannableString("万丈高楼平地起");        RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan01 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.2f);        RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan02 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.4f);        RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan03 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.6f);        RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan04 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.8f);        RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan05 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.6f);        RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan06 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.4f);        RelativeSizeSpan sizeSpan07 = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.2f);        spannableString10.setSpan(sizeSpan01, 0, 1, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        spannableString10.setSpan(sizeSpan02, 1, 2, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        spannableString10.setSpan(sizeSpan03, 2, 3, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        spannableString10.setSpan(sizeSpan04, 3, 4, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        spannableString10.setSpan(sizeSpan05, 4, 5, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        spannableString10.setSpan(sizeSpan06, 5, 6, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        spannableString10.setSpan(sizeSpan07, 6, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        textView10.setText(spannableString10);        //为文本设置中划线        SpannableString spannableString11 = new SpannableString("为文字设置删除线");        StrikethroughSpan strikethroughSpan = new StrikethroughSpan();        spannableString11.setSpan(strikethroughSpan, 5, spannableString11.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        textView11.setText(spannableString11);        //SpannableStringBuilder拼接多种类型        //为文本设置上标        SpannableString spannableString61 = new SpannableString("为文字设置上标");        SuperscriptSpan superscriptSpan61 = new SuperscriptSpan();        spannableString61.setSpan(superscriptSpan61, 5, spannableString61.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        //为文本设置下标        SpannableString spannableString71 = new SpannableString("为文字设置下标");        SubscriptSpan subscriptSpan71 = new SubscriptSpan();        spannableString71.setSpan(subscriptSpan71, 5, spannableString71.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);        SpannableStringBuilder spannableStringBuilder = new SpannableStringBuilder();        spannableStringBuilder.append(spannableString61);        spannableStringBuilder.append(spannableString71);        textView12.setText(spannableStringBuilder);    }    /**     * 为文本设置的点击事件     */    class MyClickableSpan extends ClickableSpan {        private String content;        public MyClickableSpan(String content) {            this.content = content;        }        @Override        public void updateDrawState(TextPaint ds) {            ds.setUnderlineText(false);        }        @Override        public void onClick(View widget) {            Toast.makeText(TextViewActivity.this, content, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();        }    }}

效果

代码链接：https://github.com/wujianning/ViewListDemo

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