Android(安卓)蓝牙学习笔记（一）

首先扯点别的：这是我自己看蓝牙方面的知识的笔记，要是大家想看蓝牙方面的知识，可以看看链接中的文章，我看了看，写的也是没谁了，完全是android官网的翻译加详解，非常完美！http://blog.csdn.net/small_lee/article/details/50800722
估计一篇文章也写不完，应该写两篇，先给大家上图
第一：这篇文章完成的任务

现在就按照图片按钮的顺序从头往下讲解。完整的代码在文章的末尾贴上。使用蓝牙方面的功能需要在Androidmanifest.xml文件中添加两个权限

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/>    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"/>

1 打开蓝牙：在使用蓝牙之前，你首先要明确你的设备是否支持蓝牙功能，如果支持的话，你就可以打开蓝牙；

BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter= BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();if (bluetoothAdapter == null) {                    Toast.makeText(this, "你的手机不支持蓝牙功能", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                } else {                    //设备支持蓝牙,打开蓝牙                    if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {                        Intent enableIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);                        startActivityForResult(enableIntent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);                    }

 @Override    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);        if (requestCode == REQUEST_ENABLE_BT) {            if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {                Toast.makeText(this, "成功打开蓝牙", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            } else if (resultCode == RESULT_CANCELED) {                Toast.makeText(this, "打开蓝牙失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            }        }    }

如果得到的mBluetoothAdapter 为空的话，就说明你的设备不支持蓝牙，如果不为空，就可以打开蓝牙。打开之前还要来一个判断蓝牙是否已经打开了。!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()如果没打开，就打开蓝牙。看点击打开蓝牙按钮后的效果图。点击以后在onActivityResult做一个toast如果成功，就弹出成功打开蓝牙，否则弹出失败

在弹出的对话框中点击允许，然后手机的状态栏上的蓝牙图标就出来了，成功打开。
2：查找已配对的设备：如果你的设备上的蓝牙曾经和别的设备上的蓝牙配对过，那么你可以查找到你曾经配对过的设备的设备名，MAC地址等信息

 //查找已配对的蓝牙设备                if (bluetoothAdapter != null) {                    Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = bluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();                    // If there are paired devices                    if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {                        // Loop through paired devices                        for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {                            lists.add(device.getName() + ":" + device.getAddress());                        }                        adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, lists);                        listView.setAdapter(adapter);                    } else {                        Toast.makeText(this, "没有配对的蓝牙设备", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                    }                }

如果找到就显示在listView中，如果没有找到，就弹出一个提示，看效果如图

可以看到我曾经配对过一个设备 Lenovo S820 MAC地址是50:3C:C4:14:45
3:搜索设备只要简单的调用BluetoothAdapter 的startDiscovery()方法就可以开始搜索附近的蓝牙设备。搜索过程是一个异步的过程，调用方法以后会立即返回一个boolean值用来指示搜索是否已经启动了。你需要注册一个广播接收器来得到搜索到的设备的相关信息。在oncreate()方法中注册

// Register the BroadcastReceiver        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);        registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);

自定义广播接收器

 // Create a BroadcastReceiver for ACTION_FOUND    private final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {        @Override        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {            String action = intent.getAction();            // When discovery finds a device            if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "发现设备", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                // Get the BluetoothDevice object from the Intent                BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);                // Add the name and address to an array adapter to show in a ListView                lists.add(device.getName() + "：" + device.getAddress());                adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(MainActivity.this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, lists);                listView.setAdapter(adapter);            } else {                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "没有发现设备", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            }        }    };

点击搜索设备后的效果图，我的另一部手机 LenovoS820必须打开蓝牙并设置可让其他设备检测到。

4关闭搜索，一行代码搞定

 //关闭搜索功能                if (bluetoothAdapter != null && bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {                    bluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();                }

5 关闭蓝牙，一行代码搞定

 if (bluetoothAdapter != null && bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {                    bluetoothAdapter.disable();                }

点击关闭蓝牙以后，手机状态栏中的蓝牙小图标会消失
6，设置蓝牙可发现：如果你是主动发起连接其他设备，不用设置此项，如果你是被动的被远端的设备发现的话就必须设置此项。如果你的蓝牙并没有打开的话，设置蓝牙可发现的时候会自动打开蓝牙。

Intent discoverableIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);                discoverableIntent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, MY_DISCOVERABLE_TIME);//第二个参数是自定义的可检测的时间我定义的是1024秒，（如果超出此时间，则手机蓝牙不可被发现）                 startActivityForResult(discoverableIntent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);

看图

当你点击允许的时候你的Activity中的onActivityResult()会收到一个回调，resultcode是你设置的蓝牙可检测的时间1024秒

if (requestCode == REQUEST_ENABLE_BT) {             if (resultCode == MY_DISCOVERABLE_TIME) {                Toast.makeText(this, "蓝牙设备可一被发现", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                Log.e("TAG", "蓝牙设备可被发现");            }        }

看图

完整代码MainActivity.java activity_main.xml

package com.learnbluetooth;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.content.IntentFilter;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.ListView;import android.widget.Toast;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.IllegalFormatCodePointException;import java.util.List;import java.util.Set;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {    private static final int REQUEST_ENABLE_BT = 1;    private static final int MY_DISCOVERABLE_TIME = 1024;    Button button1, button2, button3, button4, button5, button6;    ListView listView;    ArrayAdapter<String> adapter;    List<String> lists = new ArrayList<>();    BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        button1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);        button1.setOnClickListener(this);        button2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button2);        button2.setOnClickListener(this);        button3 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button3);        button3.setOnClickListener(this);        button4 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button4);        button4.setOnClickListener(this);        button5 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button5);        button5.setOnClickListener(this);        button6 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button6);        button6.setOnClickListener(this);        listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listView);        bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();        // Register the BroadcastReceiver        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);        registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);    }    @Override    protected void onDestroy() {        super.onDestroy();        unregisterReceiver(mReceiver);    }    @Override    public void onClick(View v) {        switch (v.getId()) {            case R.id.button1:                if (bluetoothAdapter == null) {                    Toast.makeText(this, "你的手机不支持蓝牙功能", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                } else {                    //设备支持蓝牙,打开蓝牙                    if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {                        Intent enableIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);                        startActivityForResult(enableIntent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);                    }                }                break;            case R.id.button2:                //查找已配对的蓝牙设备                if (bluetoothAdapter != null) {                    Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = bluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();                    // If there are paired devices                    if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {                        // Loop through paired devices                        for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {                            lists.add(device.getName() + ":" + device.getAddress());                        }                        adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, lists);                        listView.setAdapter(adapter);                    } else {                        Toast.makeText(this, "没有配对的蓝牙设备", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                    }                }                break;            case R.id.button3:                //搜索蓝牙                if (bluetoothAdapter != null && bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {                    bluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();                }                Toast.makeText(this, "正在搜索", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                Log.e("TAG", "正在搜索");                break;            case R.id.button4:                //关闭搜索功能                if (bluetoothAdapter != null && bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {                    bluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();                }                Toast.makeText(this, "关闭搜索", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                Log.e("TAG", "关闭搜索");                break;            case R.id.button5:                if (bluetoothAdapter != null && bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {                    bluetoothAdapter.disable();                }                break;            case R.id.button6:                Intent discoverableIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);                discoverableIntent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, MY_DISCOVERABLE_TIME);                startActivityForResult(discoverableIntent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);                break;            default:                break;        }    }    @Override    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);        if (requestCode == REQUEST_ENABLE_BT) {            if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {                Toast.makeText(this, "成功打开蓝牙", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            } else if (resultCode == RESULT_CANCELED) {                Toast.makeText(this, "打开蓝牙失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            }else  if (resultCode == MY_DISCOVERABLE_TIME) {                Toast.makeText(this, "蓝牙设备可被发现", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                Log.e("TAG", "蓝牙设备可被发现");            }        }    }    // Create a BroadcastReceiver for ACTION_FOUND    private final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {        @Override        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {            String action = intent.getAction();            // When discovery finds a device            if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "发现设备", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                // Get the BluetoothDevice object from the Intent                BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);                // Add the name and address to an array adapter to show in a ListView                lists.add(device.getName() + "：" + device.getAddress());                adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(MainActivity.this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, lists);                listView.setAdapter(adapter);            } else {                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "没有发现设备", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            }        }    };}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" >    <Button  android:id="@+id/button1" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="打开蓝牙" />    <Button  android:id="@+id/button2" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="查找已配对的设备" />    <Button  android:id="@+id/button3" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="搜索设备"/>    <Button  android:id="@+id/button4" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="停止搜索"/>    <Button  android:id="@+id/button5" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="关闭蓝牙"/>    <Button  android:id="@+id/button6" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="设置蓝牙可发现"/>    <ListView  android:id="@+id/listView" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"></ListView></LinearLayout>

行，下篇继续，刚吃完饭，有点小困，去睡个觉先。唉，感觉自己时间很少，还想多玩玩，多休息休息，所以写的东西质量简直是垃圾。等以后自己时间多了，知识更完备，再认真写东西。我就是IT行业的诗人，文艺界的IT男。此时此刻，我想到了通哥。

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