Android提供的系统服务之--AlarmManager(闹钟服务)
Android提供的系统服务之--AlarmManager(闹钟服务)
——转载请注明出处:coder-pig
本节引言:
本节主要介绍的是Android系统服务中的---AlarmManager(闹钟服务),
除了开发手机闹钟外,更多的时候是作为一个全局的定时器,通常与Service
结合,在特定时间启动其他的组件!本节就来对这个AlarmManager来进行解析
同时通过小闹钟与自动换壁纸来演示这个AlarmManager的用法,好了,开始本节的
内容吧!
本节正文:
1.概念与相关属性方法图:
2.例子演示
好了,光看不练可不行,下面就来写两个简单的例子:
分别是定时闹钟提醒的实现与定时更换手机壁纸,一个是调用Activity,一个是调用Service
①一个简单的闹钟:
MainActivity.java:
[java] view plain copy print ?
- package com.jay.example.alarmmanagerdemo;
- import java.util.Calendar;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.app.AlarmManager;
- import android.app.PendingIntent;
- import android.app.TimePickerDialog;
- import android.app.TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener;
- import android.content.Intent;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
- import android.widget.Button;
- import android.widget.TimePicker;
- import android.widget.Toast;
- public class MainActivity extends Activity {
- private Button btnSetClock;
- private Button btnbtnCloseClock;
- private AlarmManager alarmManager;
- private PendingIntent pi;
- @Override
- protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
- btnSetClock = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSetClock);
- btnbtnCloseClock = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnCloseClock);
- // ①获取AlarmManager对象:
- alarmManager = (AlarmManager) getSystemService(ALARM_SERVICE);
- // 指定要启动的是Activity组件,通过PendingIntent调用getActivity来设置
- Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, ClockActivity.class);
- pi = PendingIntent.getActivity(MainActivity.this, 0, intent, 0);
- btnSetClock.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
- @Override
- public void onClick(View v) {
- Calendar currentTime = Calendar.getInstance();
- // 弹出一个时间设置的对话框,供用户选择时间
- new TimePickerDialog(MainActivity.this, 0,
- new OnTimeSetListener() {
- @Override
- public void onTimeSet(TimePicker view,
- int hourOfDay, int minute) {
- //设置当前时间
- Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
- c.setTimeInMillis(System.currentTimeMillis());
- // 根据用户选择的时间来设置Calendar对象
- c.set(Calendar.HOUR, hourOfDay);
- c.set(Calendar.MINUTE, minute);
- // ②设置AlarmManager在Calendar对应的时间启动Activity
- alarmManager.set(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP,
- c.getTimeInMillis(), pi);
- // 提示闹钟设置完毕:
- Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "闹钟设置完毕~",
- Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
- }
- }, currentTime.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY), currentTime
- .get(Calendar.MINUTE), false).show();
- btnbtnCloseClock.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
- }
- });
- btnbtnCloseClock.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
- @Override
- public void onClick(View v) {
- alarmManager.cancel(pi);
- btnbtnCloseClock.setVisibility(View.GONE);
- Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "闹钟已取消", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
- .show();
- }
- });
- }
- }
ClockActivity.java:
[java] view plain copy print ?
- package com.jay.example.alarmmanagerdemo;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.app.AlertDialog;
- import android.content.DialogInterface;
- import android.content.DialogInterface.OnClickListener;
- import android.media.MediaPlayer;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- public class ClockActivity extends Activity {
- private MediaPlayer mediaPlayer;
- @Override
- protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.activity_clock);
- mediaPlayer = MediaPlayer.create(this, R.raw.pig);
- //mediaPlayer.setLooping(true);
- mediaPlayer.start();
- //创建一个闹钟提醒的对话框,点击确定关闭铃声与页面
- new AlertDialog.Builder(ClockActivity.this).setTitle("闹钟").setMessage("小猪小猪快起床~")
- .setPositiveButton("关闭闹铃", new OnClickListener() {
- @Override
- public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
- mediaPlayer.stop();
- ClockActivity.this.finish();
- }
- }).show();
- }
- }
!!!另外别忘了需要在AndroidManifest.xml对ClockActivity进行注册哦!
运行截图:
总结核心流程吧:
①AlarmManager alarmManager = (AlarmManager) getSystemService(ALARM_SERVICE);
获得系统提供的AlarmManager服务的对象
②Intent设置要启动的组件:
Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, ClockActivity.class);
③PendingIntent对象设置动作,启动的是Activity还是Service,又或者是广播!
PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getActivity(MainActivity.this, 0, intent, 0);
④调用AlarmManager的set( )方法设置单次闹钟的闹钟类型,启动时间以及PendingIntent对象!
alarmManager.set(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP,c.getTimeInMillis(), pi);
②后台Service定时更换壁纸:
从上面的代码我们发现AlarmManager的用法其实就那么几步,很简单,接下来我们弄一个Service
这里我们涉及到另外一个API:WallpaperManager,管理壁纸的,提供了下述几个方法供我们使用:
setBitmap(Bitmap bitmap),setResource(int resid),setStream(InputStream data);
还有一个清除壁纸的clean方法!
流程和前面的闹钟原理差不多,就不讲解了,直接贴代码吧:
activity_main.xml:
[html] view plain copy print ?
- <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
- android:id="@+id/LinearLayout1"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- android:orientation="vertical"
- tools:context="com.example.alarmmanagerdemo2.MainActivity" >
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/btnOn"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="开启自动换壁纸" />
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/btnOff"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="关闭自动换壁纸" />
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/btnCancel"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="清除壁纸" />
- LinearLayout>
接下来到MainActivity.java:
[java] view plain copy print ?
- package com.example.alarmmanagerdemo2;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.app.AlarmManager;
- import android.app.PendingIntent;
- import android.app.WallpaperManager;
- import android.content.Intent;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
- import android.widget.Button;
- import android.widget.Toast;
- public class MainActivity extends Activity {
- private Button btnOn;
- private Button btnOff;
- private Button btnCancel;
- private AlarmManager alarmManager;
- private PendingIntent pi;
- @Override
- protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
- //①获得AlarmManager对象:
- alarmManager = (AlarmManager) getSystemService(ALARM_SERVICE);;
- //②指定要启动的Service,并指明动作是Servce:
- Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,WallPagerService.class);
- pi = PendingIntent.getService(MainActivity.this, 0, intent, 0);
- btnOn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnOn);
- btnOff = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnOff);
- btnCancel = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnCancel);
- btnOn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
- @Override
- public void onClick(View v) {
- alarmManager.setRepeating(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP, 0, 3000, pi);
- btnOn.setEnabled(false);
- btnOff.setEnabled(true);
- Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "自动更换壁纸设置成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
- }
- });
- btnOff.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
- @Override
- public void onClick(View v) {
- btnOn.setEnabled(true);
- btnOff.setEnabled(false);
- alarmManager.cancel(pi);
- }
- });
- btnCancel.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
- @Override
- public void onClick(View v) {
- try {
- WallpaperManager.getInstance(getApplicationContext()).clear();
- Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "清除壁纸成功~", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
- } catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
- }
- });
- }
- }
还有我们自定义的换壁纸的Service:
[java] view plain copy print ?
- package com.example.alarmmanagerdemo2;
- import android.app.Service;
- import android.app.WallpaperManager;
- import android.content.Intent;
- import android.os.IBinder;
- public class WallPagerService extends Service {
- //定义当前壁纸下表
- int current = 0;
- //获取壁纸资源id数组
- private int[] paper = new int[] { R.drawable.gui_1, R.drawable.gui_2,
- R.drawable.gui_3, R.drawable.gui_4, };
- //定义WallpaperManager服务
- private WallpaperManager wManager;
- //初始化WallPagerManager
- @Override
- public void onCreate() {
- super.onCreate();
- wManager = WallpaperManager.getInstance(this);
- }
- @Override
- public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
- if(current >= 4)current = 0;
- try{
- wManager.setResource(paper[current++]);
- }catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}
- return START_STICKY;
- }
- @Override
- public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
- return null;
- }
- }
别忘了在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加壁纸的权限哦!以及为我们的Service注册!!!
[java] view plain copy print ?
-
"android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER" />
运行效果图:
最后说两句:
就是这么简单,关于这个AlarmManager(闹钟服务)就学习到这里吧,在后面我们在Service实例讲解
处还会做一个后台定时发送短信的例子,敬请期待~
本节代码下载:
1.定时闹钟:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1qW9eiWc
2.定时切换壁纸:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1dDhasGp
参考资料:
李刚老师的:《疯狂Android讲义》
网上的一篇文章:http://www.360doc.com/content/13/0110/23/11991_259460170.shtml
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