Android基于蓝牙串口编程实现HC-05通讯

最近接了个工程自动化的项目，需求是实时接收从单片机传过来的数据，并进行数据分析处理再进行显示，在查阅大量的相关博客和自己踩了不少的坑后，想说把自己的一些经验分享出来给后来人做个参考www

先介绍下蓝牙串口的定义

蓝牙串口是基于SPP协议（Serial Port Profile），能在蓝牙设备之间创建串口进行数据传输的一种设备。蓝牙串口的目的是针对如何在两个不同设备（通信的两端）上的应用之间保证一条完整的通信路径。

目前应用商店可以下载到的蓝牙串口app就是基于SPP协议，而有一些蓝牙搜索app搜索不到HC-05就是由于没有实现蓝牙串口服务。要想要在自己的app内实现SPP协议需要服务对应的UUID，蓝牙串口服务的UUID为：

SerialPortServiceClass_UUID = '{00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB}'

更多的手机蓝牙各类服务对应的UUID，可以通过下面这个网站进行查询：
https://www.douban.com/group/topic/20009323/

顺便讲下蓝牙串口app的使用，首先需要在系统设置里，连接上HC-05的蓝牙，默认配对密码为1234，默认波特率为9600，默认名为HC-05。最好在连接后再看一下对应的MAC地址，因为我做的是单一连接，单片机同一时间只能接入一个蓝牙设备，所以需求对更改连接蓝牙模块需求要求不大，如果用户不在创建项目时更改设备MAC地址，则使用的就是默认的MAC地址，所以也没有做选择蓝牙设备的模块。

博客附本项目截图以及项目源码地址。

需要的权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" /><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" /><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />

获取蓝牙适配器

mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();

不支持蓝牙时

// If the adapter is null, then Bluetooth is not supportedif (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {Toast.makeText(this, "Bluetooth is not available", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();finish();}

绑定蓝牙设备

// String MACAddr = "xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx";BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(MACAddr);

*如果检测到蓝牙没打开，调用系统蓝牙设置（可选）

Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_BLUETOOTH_SETTINGS);startActivity(intent);

连接设备，开启蓝牙连接线程

public void connect(BluetoothDevice device) {printLog("connect to: " + device);// Start the thread to connect with the given devicemConnectThread = new ConnectThread(device);mConnectThread.start();}

连接线程

/**     * This thread runs while attempting to make an outgoing connection with a     * device. It runs straight through; the connection either succeeds or     * fails.     */    private class ConnectThread extends Thread {        private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket;        private final BluetoothDevice mmDevice;        public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) {            mmDevice = device;            BluetoothSocket tmp = null;            // Get a BluetoothSocket for a connection with the            // given BluetoothDevice            try {                tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID.fromString(App.SPP_UUID));            } catch (IOException e) {                printLog("create() failed" + e);            }            mmSocket = tmp;        }        public void run() {            if (Thread.interrupted())                return;            setName("ConnectThread");            // Always cancel discovery because it will slow down a connection            mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();            // Make a connection to the BluetoothSocket            try {                // This is a blocking call and will only return on a                // successful connection or an exception                isBlueToothConnected = true;                mmSocket.connect();            } catch (IOException e) {                printLog("unable to connect() socket " + e);                handler.sendEmptyMessage(NOT_CONNECT);                isBlueToothConnected = false;                // Close the socket                try {                    mmSocket.close();                } catch (IOException e2) {                    printLog("unable to close() socket during connection failure" + e2);                }                return;            }            mConnectThread = null;            isBlueToothConnected = true;            // Start the connected thread            // Start the thread to manage the connection and perform            // transmissions            handler.sendEmptyMessage(CONNECT_SUCCESS);            mConnectedThread = new ConnectedThread(mmSocket);        }        public void cancel() {            try {                mmSocket.close();            } catch (IOException e) {                printLog("close() of connect socket failed" + e);            }        }    }

数据传输线程（可读可写，需求只用读取）

**     * This thread runs during a connection with a remote device. It handles all     * incoming and outgoing transmissions.     */    private class ConnectedThread extends Thread {        private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket;        private final InputStream mmInStream;        private final OutputStream mmOutStream;        public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) {            printLog("create ConnectedThread");            mmSocket = socket;            InputStream tmpIn = null;            OutputStream tmpOut = null;            // Get the BluetoothSocket input and output streams            try {                tmpIn = socket.getInputStream();                tmpOut = socket.getOutputStream();            } catch (IOException e) {                printLog("temp sockets not created" + e);            }            mmInStream = tmpIn;            mmOutStream = tmpOut;        }        public void run() {            if (Thread.interrupted()) {                printLog("return");                return;            }            printLog("BEGIN mConnectedThread");            byte[] buffer = new byte[256];            int bytes;            // Keep listening to the InputStream while connected            while (true) {                synchronized (this) {                    try {                        // Read from the InputStream                        bytes = mmInStream.read(buffer);                                                Message msg = new Message();                        msg.what = GET_DATA;                        Bundle bundle = new Bundle();                        bundle.putInt("data", buffer[0]);                        msg.setData(bundle);                                                handler.sendMessage(msg);                    } catch (IOException e) {                        printLog("disconnected " + e);//                        handler.sendEmptyMessage(OUT_OF_CONNECTED);                        break;                    }                }            }        }        /**         * Write to the connected OutStream.         *         * @param buffer The bytes to write         */        public void write(byte[] buffer) {            try {                mmOutStream.write(buffer);            } catch (IOException e) {                Log.e(TAG, "Exception during write", e);            }        }        public void cancel() {            try {                mmSocket.close();            } catch (IOException e) {                Log.e(TAG, "close() of connect socket failed", e);            }        }    }

停止蓝牙连接

private void stopBlutoothThread() {        if (mConnectThread != null) {            mConnectThread.cancel();            mConnectThread = null;        }        if (mConnectedThread != null) {            mConnectedThread.cancel();            mConnectedThread = null;        }    }

项目截图

源码可以在我的Github上看到
项目地址：https://github.com/WithLei/DistanceMeasure

Android基于蓝牙串口编程实现HC-05通讯

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