Android的广播Receiver动态注册和静态注册

广播接收器注册一共有两种形式 : 静态注册和动态注册.

两者及其接收广播的区别:

1.动态注册的广播永远要快于静态注册的广播,不管静态注册的优先级设置的多高,不管动态注册的优先级有多低>\

2.动态注册广播不是常驻型广播，也就是说广播跟随activity的生命周期。注意: 在activity结束前，移除广播接收器。

静态注册是常驻型，也就是说当应用程序关闭后，如果有信息广播来，程序也会被系统调用自动运行。

3.在同一个优先级下,谁先启动的快,谁将先接收到广播.

下面这个Demo，界面如下，注册两个动态接收器（接收自定义广播和系统广播）和注册静态广播（接收自定义静态和广播、手机USB的插拔事件、接收短信并读取短信息）

工程目录如下：注意看代码中的注释

xml布局文件（activity_main.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

Manifest.xml如下，这里面定义的权限信息和注册的广播

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

MainActivity.java

package com.nii.receiver;import android.Manifest;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.content.IntentFilter;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.Toast;import com.nii.receiver.type.RequestPermissionType;import com.nii.receiver.util.PermissionUtil;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity{    /**     * 发送静态广播按钮     */    private Button sendStaticBtn;    /**     * 发送动态广播按钮     */    private Button sendDynamicBtn;    /**     * 发送系统广播按钮     */    private Button sendSystemBtn;    /**     * 静态action     */    private static final String STATICACTION = "com.byread.static";    /**     * 动态action     */    private static final String DYNAMICACTION = "com.byread.dynamic";    /**     * USB设备连接     */    private static final String SYSTEMACTION = Intent.ACTION_POWER_CONNECTED;    private Context mContext;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)    {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        this.mContext = this;        sendStaticBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send_static);        sendDynamicBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send_dynamic);        sendSystemBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send_system);        sendStaticBtn.setOnClickListener(new MyOnClickListener());        sendDynamicBtn.setOnClickListener(new MyOnClickListener());        sendSystemBtn.setOnClickListener(new MyOnClickListener());        //申请读取短信的权限        PermissionUtil.requestPermission(mContext, Manifest.permission.READ_SMS,                RequestPermissionType.REQUEST_CODE_ASK_READ_SMS);        PermissionUtil.requestPermission(mContext, Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS,                RequestPermissionType.REQUEST_CODE_ASK_RECEIVE_SMS);    }    class MyOnClickListener implements View.OnClickListener    {        @Override        public void onClick(View v)        {            // 发送自定义静态注册广播消息            if (v.getId() == R.id.send_static)            {                Log.e("MainActivity", "发送自定义静态注册广播消息");                Intent intent = new Intent();                intent.setAction(STATICACTION);                intent.putExtra("msg", "接收静态注册广播成功！");                sendBroadcast(intent);            }            // 发送自定义动态注册广播消息            else if (v.getId() == R.id.send_dynamic)            {                Log.e("MainActivity", "发送自定义动态注册广播消息");                Intent intent = new Intent();                intent.setAction(DYNAMICACTION);                intent.putExtra("msg", "接收动态注册广播成功！");                sendBroadcast(intent);            }            // 发送系统动态注册广播消息。当手机连接充电设备时会由系统自己发送广播消息。            else if (v.getId() == R.id.send_system)            {                Log.e("MainActivity", "发送系统动态注册广播消息");                Intent intent = new Intent();                intent.setAction(SYSTEMACTION);                intent.putExtra("msg", "正在充电。。。。");            }        }    }    @Override    protected void onStart()    {        super.onStart();        Log.e("MainActivity", "注册广播事件");        // 注册自定义动态广播消息        IntentFilter filter_dynamic = new IntentFilter();        filter_dynamic.addAction(DYNAMICACTION);        registerReceiver(dynamicReceiver, filter_dynamic);        // 注册系统动态广播消息        IntentFilter filter_system = new IntentFilter();        filter_system.addAction(SYSTEMACTION);        registerReceiver(systemReceiver, filter_system);    }    private BroadcastReceiver dynamicReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver()    {        @Override        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)        {            Log.e("MainActivity", "接收自定义动态注册广播消息");            if (intent.getAction().equals(DYNAMICACTION))            {                String msg = intent.getStringExtra("msg");                Toast.makeText(context, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            }        }    };    private BroadcastReceiver systemReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver()    {        @Override        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)        {            Log.e("MainActivity", "接收系统动态注册广播消息");            if (intent.getAction().equals(SYSTEMACTION))            {                String msg = intent.getStringExtra("msg");                Toast.makeText(context, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            }        }    };}

StaticReceiver.java

package com.nii.receiver;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.os.Handler;import android.widget.Toast;/** * Created by wzj on 2017/2/19. */public class StaticReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{    /**     * 接收广播     * @param context context     * @param intent intent     */    @Override    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)    {        String msg = intent.getStringExtra("msg");        Toast.makeText(context, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();    }}

SystemReceiver.java这里面处理一些系统的事件

package com.nii.receiver;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Handler;import android.telephony.SmsMessage;import android.text.format.DateFormat;import android.util.Log;import android.widget.Toast;import com.nii.receiver.util.DialogUtil;import java.util.Date;/** * Created by wzj on 2017/2/19. */public class SystemReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{    /**     * 接收系统静态广播     *     * @param context context     * @param intent  intent     */    @Override    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)    {        if (intent.getAction().equals(Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_LOW))        {            Log.e("SystemReceiver", "电量低提示");            Toast.makeText(context, "您的手机电量偏低，请及时充电", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();        }        else if (intent.getAction().equals("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"))        {            if (intent.getAction().equals("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"))            {                Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();                if (bundle != null)                {//如果数据不为空                    //获得收到的短信数据                    Object[] objArray = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");                    //根据objArray的大小创建一个SmsMessage数组，用于封装短信内容                    SmsMessage[] smsMessage = new SmsMessage[objArray.length];                    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();                    sb.append("时间：" + new DateFormat().format("yyyy - MM - dd hh.mm.ss", new Date()));                    //遍历smsMessage数组取出所有短信                    for (int i = 0; i < smsMessage.length; i++)                    {                        //将每条字节类型的短信数据转换成SmsMessage对象                        smsMessage[i] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) objArray[i]);                        //获取短信发送地址                        sb.append("发送者：" + smsMessage[i].getOriginatingAddress());                        //获取短信内容                        sb.append("短信内容：" + smsMessage[i].getDisplayMessageBody() + "\n");                    }                    DialogUtil.showPrompt(context,sb.toString());                    Toast.makeText(context, sb.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();                }            }        }        else if(intent.getAction().equals("android.hardware.usb.action.USB_STATE"))        {            if (intent.getExtras().getBoolean("connected"))            {                Toast.makeText(context, "USB插入", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();            }            else            {                Toast.makeText(context, "USB拔出", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();            }        }    }}

RequestPermissionType.java是权限请求的时候，Qequest Code（请求码）

package com.nii.receiver.type;/** * Created by wzj on 2017/2/19. */public interface RequestPermissionType{    /**     * 请求打电话的权限码     */    int REQUEST_CODE_ASK_CALL_PHONE = 100;    /**     * 请求接收短信息     */    int REQUEST_CODE_ASK_RECEIVE_SMS = 101;    /**     * 请求读短信     */    int REQUEST_CODE_ASK_READ_SMS = 102;}

DialogUtil.java是界面弹窗工具类

package com.nii.receiver.util;import android.app.Activity;import android.app.AlertDialog;import android.content.Context;import android.content.DialogInterface;import android.view.WindowManager;/** * 对话框工具箱 * * @author xiaopan */public class DialogUtil{    /**     * 显示一个对话框     *     * @param context                    上下文对象，最好给Activity，否则需要android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW     * @param title                      标题     * @param message                    消息     * @param confirmButton              确认按钮     * @param confirmButtonClickListener 确认按钮点击监听器     * @param centerButton               中间按钮     * @param centerButtonClickListener  中间按钮点击监听器     * @param cancelButton               取消按钮     * @param cancelButtonClickListener  取消按钮点击监听器     * @param onShowListener             显示监听器     * @param cancelable                 是否允许通过点击返回按钮或者点击对话框之外的位置关闭对话框     * @param onCancelListener           取消监听器     * @param onDismissListener          销毁监听器     * @return 对话框     */    public static AlertDialog showAlert(Context context, String title, String message,                                        String confirmButton, DialogInterface.OnClickListener confirmButtonClickListener,                                        String centerButton, DialogInterface.OnClickListener centerButtonClickListener,                                        String cancelButton, DialogInterface.OnClickListener cancelButtonClickListener,                                        DialogInterface.OnShowListener onShowListener, boolean cancelable,                                        DialogInterface.OnCancelListener onCancelListener,                                        DialogInterface.OnDismissListener onDismissListener)    {        AlertDialog.Builder promptBuilder = new AlertDialog.Builder(context);        if (title != null)        {            promptBuilder.setTitle(title);        }        if (message != null)        {            promptBuilder.setMessage(message);        }        if (confirmButton != null)        {            promptBuilder.setPositiveButton(confirmButton, confirmButtonClickListener);        }        if (centerButton != null)        {            promptBuilder.setNeutralButton(centerButton, centerButtonClickListener);        }        if (cancelButton != null)        {            promptBuilder.setNegativeButton(cancelButton, cancelButtonClickListener);        }        promptBuilder.setCancelable(true);        if (cancelable)        {            promptBuilder.setOnCancelListener(onCancelListener);        }        AlertDialog alertDialog = promptBuilder.create();        if (!(context instanceof Activity))        {            alertDialog.getWindow().setType(WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT);        }        alertDialog.setOnDismissListener(onDismissListener);        alertDialog.setOnShowListener(onShowListener);        alertDialog.show();        return alertDialog;    }    /**     * 显示一个对话框     *     * @param context                    上下文对象，最好给Activity，否则需要android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW     * @param title                      标题     * @param message                    消息     * @param confirmButtonClickListener 确认按钮点击监听器     * @param cancelButtonClickListener  取消按钮点击监听器     * @return 对话框     */    public static AlertDialog showConfirm(Context context, String title, String message,                                        DialogInterface.OnClickListener confirmButtonClickListener,                                        DialogInterface.OnClickListener cancelButtonClickListener)    {        return showAlert(context, title, message, "Yes",                confirmButtonClickListener, null, null, "No", cancelButtonClickListener, null, true, null, null);    }    /**     * 显示一个提示框     *     * @param context       上下文对象，最好给Activity，否则需要android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW     * @param message       提示的消息     * @param confirmButton 确定按钮的名字     */    public static AlertDialog showPrompt(Context context, String message, String confirmButton)    {        return showAlert(context, null, message, confirmButton, null, null, null, null, null, null, true, null, null);    }    /**     * 显示一个提示框     *     * @param context 上下文对象，最好给Activity，否则需要android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW     * @param message 提示的消息     */    public static AlertDialog showPrompt(Context context, String message)    {        return showAlert(context, null, message, "OK", null, null, null, null, null, null, true, null, null);    }}

PermissionUtil.java是权限申请工具类

package com.nii.receiver.util;import android.Manifest;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.Context;import android.content.pm.PackageManager;import android.os.Build;import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;/** * Created by wzj on 2017/2/19. */public abstract class PermissionUtil{    /**     * 请求权限     * @param mContext mContext     * @param permission  permission     * @param requestCode requestCode     */    public static void requestPermission(Context mContext,String permission,int requestCode)    {        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M)        {            return;        }        int checkCallPhonePermission = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(mContext,permission);        if (checkCallPhonePermission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)        {            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions((Activity) mContext, new String[]{permission},requestCode);        }    }}

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