Android(安卓)Launcher manifest解析

Launcher 的AndroidManifest.xml文件有很多特殊性，分析一下就会理解整个程序的大概结构。
代码如下：

< manifest xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"       package = "net.sunniwell.launcher"       android:versionCode = "1" android:versionName = "1.0.1" >

关于自定义权限，这是很好的例子，其他 apk 程序要想使用 Launcher 的功能必须添加这些权限，而这些权限都是在这里声明的。

这个是安装快捷方式的权限定义：

< permission         android:name = "com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT"         android:permissionGroup = "android.permission-group.SYSTEM_TOOLS"         android:protectionLevel = "normal"         android:label = "@string/permlab_install_shortcut"         android:description = "@string/permdesc_install_shortcut" />

这个是卸载快捷方式的权限定义：

< permission         android:name = "com.android.launcher.permission.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT"         android:permissionGroup = "android.permission-group.SYSTEM_TOOLS"         android:protectionLevel = "normal"         android:label = "@string/permlab_uninstall_shortcut"         android:description = "@string/permdesc_uninstall_shortcut" />

这个是读取 launcher.db 内容的权限定义：

< permission         android:name = "net.sunniwell.launcher.permission.READ_SETTINGS"         android:permissionGroup = "android.permission-group.SYSTEM_TOOLS"         android:protectionLevel = "normal"         android:label = "@string/permlab_read_settings"         android:description = "@string/permdesc_read_settings" />

这个是修改和删除 launcher.db 内容的权限定义：

< permission         android:name = "net.sunniwell.launcher.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS"         android:permissionGroup = "android.permission-group.SYSTEM_TOOLS"         android:protectionLevel = "normal"         android:label = "@string/permlab_write_settings"         android:description = "@string/permdesc_write_settings" />

这些是 Launcher 的权限声明，通过这些就能看出 launcher 的大概功能了：
打电话权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.CALL_PHONE" />

使用状态栏权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.EXPAND_STATUS_BAR" />

获取当前或最近运行的任务的信息的权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.GET_TASKS" />

读取通信录权限 :

< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />

设置壁纸权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER" />

允许程序设置壁纸 hits 的权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER_HINTS" />

使用震动功能权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.VIBRATE" />

修改删除 launcher.db 内容权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS" />

绑定 widget 权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.BIND_APPWIDGET" />

读取 launcher.db 内容权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "net.sunniwell.launcher.permission.READ_SETTINGS" />

修改删除 launcher.db 内容权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "net.sunniwell.launcher.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS" />

读写外部存储设备权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" ></ uses-permission >

< application         android:name = "LauncherApplication"       activity 应该运行的进程的名字：android:process = "android.process.acore"         android:label = "@string/application_name"         android:icon = "@drawable/swicon" >

< activity             android:name = "Launcher"            是否android:launchMode = "singleTask"             android:clearTaskOnLaunch = "true"             这个 activity 是否在被杀死或者重启后能恢复原来的状态：android:stateNotNeeded = "true"             android:theme = "@style/Theme"             android:screenOrientation = "landscape"             android:windowSoftInputMode = "stateUnspecified|adjustPan" >< intent-filter >< action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />< category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />桌面应用的标记：< category android:name = "android.intent.category.HOME" />< category android:name = "android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />自动化测试工具 Monkey 的标记，待研究 …< category android:name = "android.intent.category.MONKEY" /></ intent-filter ></ activity >

选择壁纸的 activity:

< activity             android:name = "WallpaperChooser"             android:label = "@string/pick_wallpaper"             android:icon = "@drawable/ic_launcher_gallery" >

设置壁纸的 intent-filter ：

< intent-filter >< action android:name = "android.intent.action.SET_WALLPAPER" />< category android:name = "android.intent.category.DEFAULT" /></ intent-filter >

搜索的 activity ：

</ activity ><!-- Enable system-default search mode for any activity in Home -->< meta-data             android:name = "android.app.default_searchable"             android:value = "*" />

安装快捷方式的广播接收器：

<!-- Intent received used to install shortcuts from other applications -->< receiver             android:name = ".InstallShortcutReceiver"             android:permission = "com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT" >< intent-filter >< action android:name = "com.android.launcher.action.INSTALL_SHORTCUT" /></ intent-filter ></ receiver ><!-- Intent received used to uninstall shortcuts from other applications -->

卸载快捷方式的广播接收器：

< receiver             android:name = ".UninstallShortcutReceiver"             android:permission = "com.android.launcher.permission.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT" >< intent-filter >< action android:name = "com.android.launcher.action.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT" /></ intent-filter ></ receiver >

声明 ContentProvider ，用于对 launcher.db 操作：

<!-- The settings provider contains Home's data, like the workspace favorites -->< provider             android:name = "SWLauncherProvider"             android:authorities = "net.sunniwell.launcher.settings"             android:writePermission = "net.sunniwell.launcher.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS"             android:readPermission = "net.sunniwell.launcher.permission.READ_SETTINGS" /></ application >< uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion = "4" /></ manifest >

说明：
1.
<manifest 标签头部还应声明：
android:sharedUserId="android.uid.shared" ，作用是获得系统权限，但是这样的程序属性只能在build整个系统时放进去（就是系统软件）才起作用，手动安装是没有权限的。

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