Android与蓝牙串口模块通信

由于项目的需要Android与蓝牙模块通信，发了时间学习了下，实现了Android与蓝牙模块的通信

1.蓝牙串口模块使用SPP-CA模块

蓝牙串口模块就是使用单片机的TX ,RX与蓝牙模块通信，单片机通过TX发送数据给蓝牙模块，然后蓝牙模块在通过蓝牙协议把数据发送出去，蓝牙模块与Android的通信方式使用spp协议。

2.蓝牙通信

蓝牙的通信需要服务端和客户端，客户端搜索蓝牙设备，链接服务端。主要是通过socket通信，相关的知识可以学习了解下socket通信。链接建立起来，通信时数据的读写是通过输入输出流的方式读写。

3.Android蓝牙架构和api说明

查看《Android系统原理及开发要点详解》和《深入理解Android网络编程》里的蓝牙相关章节，2本书里相关的章节有详细的介绍。

4.uuid

Hint: If you are connecting to a Bluetooth serial board then try using the well-known SPP UUID 00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB. However if you are connecting to an Android peer then please generate your own unique UUID.

这是Android官方文档的说明，如果是连接蓝牙串口模块使用通用的uuid 00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB，如果是Android手机间的通信链接，可以使用生成的uuid，客服端和服务端的uuid必须相同，下面通过蓝牙串口助手读取回来的uuid，下面是我的蓝牙串口模块的uuid。

下面是读取手机的蓝牙的uuid，可以看到比较多的uuid，有比较多的服务。

另外下面是其他蓝牙设备的uuid，应该是蓝牙4.0的。

代码部分还是比较简单的，下面是android蓝牙链接的主要部分代码，也是参考网上的。

package gjz.bluetooth;

import gjz.bluetooth.R;
import gjz.bluetooth.Bluetooth.ServerOrCilent;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.UUID;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;

public class chatActivity extends Activity implements OnItemClickListener ,OnClickListener{
/** Called when the activity is first created. */

private ListView mListView;
private ArrayList<deviceListItem>list;
private Button sendButton;
private Button disconnectButton;
private EditText editMsgView;
deviceListAdapter mAdapter;
Context mContext;

/* 一些常量，代表服务器的名称 */
public static final String PROTOCOL_SCHEME_L2CAP = "btl2cap";
public static final String PROTOCOL_SCHEME_RFCOMM = "btspp";
public static final String PROTOCOL_SCHEME_BT_OBEX = "btgoep";
public static final String PROTOCOL_SCHEME_TCP_OBEX = "tcpobex";

private BluetoothServerSocket mserverSocket = null;
private ServerThread startServerThread = null;
private clientThread clientConnectThread = null;
private BluetoothSocket socket = null;
private BluetoothDevice device = null;
private readThread mreadThread = null;;
private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.chat);
mContext = this;
init();
}

private void init() {
list = new ArrayList<deviceListItem>();
mAdapter = new deviceListAdapter(this, list);
mListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list);
mListView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
mListView.setOnItemClickListener(this);
mListView.setFastScrollEnabled(true);
editMsgView= (EditText)findViewById(R.id.MessageText);
editMsgView.clearFocus();

sendButton= (Button)findViewById(R.id.btn_msg_send);
sendButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String msgText =editMsgView.getText().toString();
if (msgText.length()>0) {
sendMessageHandle(msgText);
editMsgView.setText("");
editMsgView.clearFocus();
//close InputMethodManager
InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager)getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(editMsgView.getWindowToken(), 0);
}else
Toast.makeText(mContext, "发送内容不能为空！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});

disconnectButton= (Button)findViewById(R.id.btn_disconnect);
disconnectButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if (Bluetooth.serviceOrCilent == ServerOrCilent.CILENT)
{
shutdownClient();
}
else if (Bluetooth.serviceOrCilent == ServerOrCilent.SERVICE)
{
shutdownServer();
}
Bluetooth.isOpen = false;
Bluetooth.serviceOrCilent=ServerOrCilent.NONE;
Toast.makeText(mContext, "已断开连接！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
}

private Handler LinkDetectedHandler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
//Toast.makeText(mContext, (String)msg.obj, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
if(msg.what==1)
{
list.add(new deviceListItem((String)msg.obj, true));
}
else
{
list.add(new deviceListItem((String)msg.obj, false));
}
mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
mListView.setSelection(list.size() - 1);
}

};

@Override
public synchronized void onPause() {
super.onPause();
}
@Override
public synchronized void onResume() {
super.onResume();
if(Bluetooth.isOpen)
{
Toast.makeText(mContext, "连接已经打开，可以通信。如果要再建立连接，请先断开！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return;
}
if(Bluetooth.serviceOrCilent==ServerOrCilent.CILENT)
{
String address = Bluetooth.BlueToothAddress;
if(!address.equals("null"))
{
device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address);
clientConnectThread = new clientThread();
clientConnectThread.start();
Bluetooth.isOpen = true;
}
else
{
Toast.makeText(mContext, "address is null !", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
else if(Bluetooth.serviceOrCilent==ServerOrCilent.SERVICE)
{
startServerThread = new ServerThread();
startServerThread.start();
Bluetooth.isOpen = true;
}
}
//开启客户端
private class clientThread extends Thread {
public void run() {
try {
//创建一个Socket连接：只需要服务器在注册时的UUID号
// socket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(BluetoothProtocols.OBEX_OBJECT_PUSH_PROTOCOL_UUID);
socket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"));
//连接
Message msg2 = new Message();
msg2.obj = "请稍候，正在连接服务器:"+Bluetooth.BlueToothAddress;
msg2.what = 0;
LinkDetectedHandler.sendMessage(msg2);

socket.connect();

Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = "已经连接上服务端！可以发送信息。";
msg.what = 0;
LinkDetectedHandler.sendMessage(msg);
//启动接受数据
mreadThread = new readThread();
mreadThread.start();
}
catch (IOException e)
{
Log.e("connect", "", e);
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = "连接服务端异常！断开连接重新试一试。";
msg.what = 0;
LinkDetectedHandler.sendMessage(msg);
}
}
};

//开启服务器
private class ServerThread extends Thread {
public void run() {

try {
/* 创建一个蓝牙服务器
* 参数分别：服务器名称、UUID */
mserverSocket = mBluetoothAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(PROTOCOL_SCHEME_RFCOMM,
UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"));

Log.d("server", "wait cilent connect...");

Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = "请稍候，正在等待客户端的连接...";
msg.what = 0;
LinkDetectedHandler.sendMessage(msg);

/* 接受客户端的连接请求 */
socket = mserverSocket.accept();
Log.d("server", "accept success !");

Message msg2 = new Message();
String info = "客户端已经连接上！可以发送信息。";
msg2.obj = info;
msg.what = 0;
LinkDetectedHandler.sendMessage(msg2);
//启动接受数据
mreadThread = new readThread();
mreadThread.start();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
};
/* 停止服务器 */
private void shutdownServer() {
new Thread() {
public void run() {
if(startServerThread != null)
{
startServerThread.interrupt();
startServerThread = null;
}
if(mreadThread != null)
{
mreadThread.interrupt();
mreadThread = null;
}
try {
if(socket != null)
{
socket.close();
socket = null;
}
if (mserverSocket != null)
{
mserverSocket.close();/* 关闭服务器 */
mserverSocket = null;
}
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e("server", "mserverSocket.close()", e);
}
};
}.start();
}
/* 停止客户端连接 */
private void shutdownClient() {
new Thread() {
public void run() {
if(clientConnectThread!=null)
{
clientConnectThread.interrupt();
clientConnectThread= null;
}
if(mreadThread != null)
{
mreadThread.interrupt();
mreadThread = null;
}
if (socket != null) {
try {
socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
socket = null;
}
};
}.start();
}
//发送数据
private void sendMessageHandle(String msg)
{
if (socket == null)
{
Toast.makeText(mContext, "没有连接", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return;
}
try {
OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
os.write(msg.getBytes());
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
list.add(new deviceListItem(msg, false));
mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
mListView.setSelection(list.size() - 1);
}
//读取数据
private class readThread extends Thread {
public void run() {

byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int bytes;
InputStream mmInStream = null;

try {
mmInStream = socket.getInputStream();
} catch (IOException e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
}
while (true) {
try {
// Read from the InputStream
if( (bytes = mmInStream.read(buffer)) > 0 )
{
byte[] buf_data = new byte[bytes];
for(int i=0; i<bytes; i++)
{
buf_data[i] = buffer[i];
}
String s = new String(buf_data);
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = s;
msg.what = 1;
LinkDetectedHandler.sendMessage(msg);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
try {
mmInStream.close();
} catch (IOException e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
}
break;
}
}
}
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();

if (Bluetooth.serviceOrCilent == ServerOrCilent.CILENT)
{
shutdownClient();
}
else if (Bluetooth.serviceOrCilent == ServerOrCilent.SERVICE)
{
shutdownServer();
}
Bluetooth.isOpen = false;
Bluetooth.serviceOrCilent = ServerOrCilent.NONE;
}
public class SiriListItem {
String message;
boolean isSiri;

public SiriListItem(String msg, boolean siri) {
message = msg;
isSiri = siri;
}
}
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> arg0, View arg1, int arg2, long arg3) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
public class deviceListItem {
String message;
boolean isSiri;

public deviceListItem(String msg, boolean siri) {
message = msg;
isSiri = siri;
}
}
}

下面是实现的效果。

1.Android手机通信

一台手机作为服务端，等待客服端链接。

另一台手机作为客户端，链接服务端，链接成功，发送数据

2.Android和蓝牙模块的通信

蓝牙模块作为服务器端，Android手机作为客户端，链接蓝牙模块。

蓝牙模块通过串口线链接PC，通过串口工具接收Android手机端发送数据，Android手机端链接成功信息CONNECTING<<A0：E4：53：18：BB:42 CONNETED，链接成功发送信息hellokitty mina123456789,Android链接断开信息DISC:SUCCESS +READY+PAIRABLE

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