androidhttp网络通信

Android网络通信

Android中提供了库函数用于网络访问，同样也可以用java中的库来访问网络，如socket编程，要想让应用可以访问网络，必须赋予android.permission.INTERNET的权限，另外还需要注意，如果访问的是本地则应使用10.0.2.2这个IP来访问，否则这里的localhost会被Android当成是它本身，对于网络状态，可以通过Android提供的ConnectivityManager类中的有关属性和方法来判断，android模拟器（simulator）把它自己作为了localhost,也就是说，代码中使用localhost或者127.0.0.1来访问，都是访问模拟器自己！这是不行的！如果你想在模拟器simulator上面访问你的电脑，那么就使用android内置的IP 10.0.2.2。

在Android中，可以使用ConnectivityManager类来获取当前设备的网络状态，代码如下：

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

private Button btn;

private NetworkInfo ni;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);

ConnectivityManager cm = (ConnectivityManager) getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);

ni = cm.getActiveNetworkInfo();

btn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

@Override

public void onClick(View v) {

if( ni != null){

Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "成功连接 : "+ni.getTypeName(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}else{

Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "未成功连接", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

});

}

需要在AndroidManifest.xml配置文件中加上以下的属性：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>

然后观察设备会显示网络状态

WebView是用于显示Web页面的View，在Activity中，WebView可以使用任何一个浏览器简易地显示一些Web内容，它使用Webkit绘图引擎去显示页面，下面看个代码：

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

private WebView wv;

private EditText et;

private Button btn;

private ProgressDialog pd;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

getWindow().requestFeature(Window.FEATURE_PROGRESS);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

et = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1);

wv = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webView1);

btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);

btn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

@Override

public void onClick(View v) {

((InputMethodManager) getSystemService(INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE))

.hideSoftInputFromWindow(MainActivity.this

.getCurrentFocus().getWindowToken(),

InputMethodManager.HIDE_NOT_ALWAYS);

wv.loadUrl(et.getText().toString());

wv.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient(){

@Override

public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view,

String url) {

view.loadUrl(url);

et.setText(url);

return super.shouldOverrideUrlLoading(view, url);

}

@Override

public void onPageStarted(WebView view, String url,

Bitmap favicon) {

if(pd == null){

pd = ProgressDialog.show(MainActivity.this, "网页装载", "Page Loading!");

}

else{

pd.show();

super.onPageStarted(view, url, favicon);

}

@Override

public void onPageFinished(WebView view, String url) {

if(pd != null)

pd.hide();

super.onPageFinished(view, url);

}

});

wv.setWebChromeClient(new WebChromeClient(){

@Override

public void onReceivedTitle(WebView view, String title) {

System.out.println(title);

super.onReceivedTitle(view, title);

}

@Override

public void onProgressChanged(WebView view, int newProgress) {

MainActivity.this.setProgress(newProgress * 1000);

super.onProgressChanged(view, newProgress);

}

});

}

});

}

网络之间通信可以通过以下几种方式，下面看几个比较常用的方式，另外所有有关网络的操作必须添加权限：

HttpUrlConnectionGet

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

private HttpURLConnection conn;

private URL url;

private InputStream is;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

findViewById(R.id.button1).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

@Override

public void onClick(View v) {

String urlData = "http://222.27.166.105:8080/Android_Service/maidou.jsp";

try {

url = new URL(urlData);

} catch (MalformedURLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

try {

conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

conn.connect();

is = conn.getInputStream();

BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));

String line = null;

StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

while((line = br.readLine())!=null){

sb.append(line);

}

System.out.println(sb+"--------");

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

});

}

HttpPost

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

private HttpPost httpPost;

private HttpClient httpClient;

private HttpResponse httpResponse;

private UrlEncodedFormEntity encodedFormEntity;

private HttpEntity httpEntity;

private InputStream in;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

httpPost = new HttpPost("http://222.27.166.105:8080/Android_Service/maidou.jsp");

httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();

List<BasicNameValuePair> pairs = new ArrayList<BasicNameValuePair>();

pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name", "111111111111"));

try {

encodedFormEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs);

httpPost.setEntity(encodedFormEntity);

httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();

in = httpEntity.getContent();

BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));

String line = null;

StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

while((line = br.readLine()) != null){

sb.append(line);

}

System.out.println(sb.toString());

} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

Httpget

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

private HttpGet httpGet;

private HttpClient httpClient;

private HttpResponse httpResponse;

private HttpEntity httpEntity;

private InputStream in;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

httpGet = new HttpGet("http://10.0.2.2:8080/Android_Service/maidou.jsp");

httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();

try {

httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);

httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();

in = httpEntity.getContent();

BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));

String line = null;

StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

while((line = br.readLine()) != null){

sb.append(line);

}

System.out.println(sb.toString());

} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

以上均要加权限如下：<uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

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