android BufferedOutputStream的使用
今天,简单讲讲android里的BufferedOutputStream的使用。
BufferedInputStream是带缓冲区的输入流,默认缓冲区大小是8M,能够减少访问磁盘的次数,提高文件读取性能;BufferedOutputStream是带缓冲区的输出流,能够提高文件的写入效率。BufferedInputStream与BufferedOutputStream分别是FilterInputStream类和FilterOutputStream类的子类,实现了装饰设计模式。
构造方法
//创建一个新的缓冲输出流,以将数据写入指定的底层输出流。public BufferedOutputStream(OutputStream out);//创建一个新的缓冲输出流,以将具有指定缓冲区大小的数据写入指定的底层输出流。public BufferedOutputStream(OutputStream out,int size);
常用的方法
//向输出流中输出一个字节public void write(int b);//将指定 byte 数组中从偏移量 off 开始的 len 个字节写入此缓冲的输出流。public void write(byte[] b,int off,int len);//刷新此缓冲的输出流。这迫使所有缓冲的输出字节被写出到底层输出流中。public void flush();
示例代码:
public class BufferedOutputStreamTest { private static final int LEN = 5; // 对应英文字母“abcddefghijklmnopqrsttuvwxyz” private static final byte[] ArrayLetters = { 0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0x64, 0x65, 0x66, 0x67, 0x68, 0x69, 0x6A, 0x6B, 0x6C, 0x6D, 0x6E, 0x6F, 0x70, 0x71, 0x72, 0x73, 0x74, 0x75, 0x76, 0x77, 0x78, 0x79, 0x7A }; public static void main(String[] args) { testBufferedOutputStream() ; } /** * BufferedOutputStream的API测试函数 */ private static void testBufferedOutputStream() { // 创建“文件输出流”对应的BufferedOutputStream // 它对应缓冲区的大小是16,即缓冲区的数据>=16时,会自动将缓冲区的内容写入到输出流。 try { File file = new File("out.txt"); OutputStream out =new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file), 16); // 将ArrayLetters数组的前10个字节写入到输出流中 out.write(ArrayLetters, 0, 20); // 将“换行符\n”写入到输出流中 out.write('\n'); // TODO! out.flush(); out.close(); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (SecurityException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }}
运行结果是文件里有20个字符:abcdefghijklmnopqrst,由于这边设置的缓冲区大小是16,当输入的是20个字符时超过了16,不再使用缓冲区,直接将数据写入
基于JDK8的BufferedOutputStream类的源码:
public class BufferedOutputStream extends FilterOutputStream { /** * The internal buffer where data is stored. */ //字符数组 protected byte buf[]; /** * The number of valid bytes in the buffer. This value is always * in the range 0 through buf.length; elements * buf[0] through buf[count-1] contain valid * byte data. */ //字符数组中有效的字节 protected int count; /** * Creates a new buffered output stream to write data to the * specified underlying output stream. * * @param out the underlying output stream. */ //构造函数,字节数组大小是8*1024 public BufferedOutputStream(OutputStream out) { this(out, 8192); } /** * Creates a new buffered output stream to write data to the * specified underlying output stream with the specified buffer * size. * * @param out the underlying output stream. * @param size the buffer size. * @exception IllegalArgumentException if size <= 0. */ public BufferedOutputStream(OutputStream out, int size) { super(out); if (size <= 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Buffer size <= 0"); } buf = new byte[size]; } /** Flush the internal buffer */ //让缓冲数据进行写 private void flushBuffer() throws IOException { if (count > 0) { out.write(buf, 0, count); count = 0; } } /** * Writes the specified byte to this buffered output stream. * * @param b the byte to be written. * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs. */ //写一个字节 public synchronized void write(int b) throws IOException { if (count >= buf.length) { flushBuffer(); } buf[count++] = (byte)b; } /** * Writes len
bytes from the specified byte array * starting at offset off
to this buffered output stream. * * Ordinarily this method stores bytes from the given array into this * stream's buffer, flushing the buffer to the underlying output stream as * needed. If the requested length is at least as large as this stream's * buffer, however, then this method will flush the buffer and write the * bytes directly to the underlying output stream. Thus redundant * BufferedOutputStream
s will not copy data unnecessarily. * * @param b the data. * @param off the start offset in the data. * @param len the number of bytes to write. * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs. */ //从b中off位置开始写len个字节 public synchronized void write(byte b[], int off, int len) throws IOException { if (len >= buf.length) { /* If the request length exceeds the size of the output buffer, flush the output buffer and then write the data directly. In this way buffered streams will cascade harmlessly. */ //当输入的长度大于缓冲区的长度时,直接写,不在缓冲 flushBuffer(); out.write(b, off, len); return; } if (len > buf.length - count) { flushBuffer(); } System.arraycopy(b, off, buf, count, len); count += len; } /** * Flushes this buffered output stream. This forces any buffered * output bytes to be written out to the underlying output stream. * * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs. * @see java.io.FilterOutputStream#out */ //将缓冲数据写完 public synchronized void flush() throws IOException { flushBuffer(); out.flush(); }}
说明:
BufferedOutputStream的源码非常简单,这里就BufferedOutputStream的思想进行简单说明:BufferedOutputStream通过字节数组来缓冲数据,当缓冲区满或者用户调用flush()函数时,它就会将缓冲区的数据写入到输出流中。
从源码可以看出,BufferedOutputStream的默认构造函数,缓冲区字节数组大小是8*1024,即8M.
这里简单讲讲public void write(byte[] b,int off,int len);这个函数,这个函数可以将b数组的从off开始的len个字节写入到文件,所以当写入的数据大小在变化时,可以新建一个比较大的数组,然后通过这个函数不停写入数据,避免不停的创建不同大小的数组。
android BufferedOutputStream的使用就讲完了。
就这么简单。
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