Android(安卓)Studio(Gradle)解决库依赖冲突问题
16lz
2022-07-26
最近在调整代码的时候，出现如下问题：
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | Cause : com . android . dex . DexException : Multiple dex files define Landroid / support / annotation / AnimRes ; UNEXPECTED TOP - LEVEL EXCEPTION : com . android . dex . DexException : Multiple dex files define Landroid / support / annotation / AnimRes ; at com . android . dx . merge . DexMerger . readSortableTypes ( DexMerger . java : 579 ) at com . android . dx . merge . DexMerger . getSortedTypes ( DexMerger . java : 535 ) at com . android . dx . merge . DexMerger . mergeClassDefs ( DexMerger . java : 517 ) at com . android . dx . merge . DexMerger . mergeDexes ( DexMerger . java : 164 ) at com . android . dx . merge . DexMerger . merge ( DexMerger . java : 188 ) at com . android . dx . command . dexer . Main . mergeLibraryDexBuffers ( Main . java : 504 ) at com . android . dx . command . dexer . Main . runMonoDex ( Main . java : 334 ) at com . android . dx . command . dexer . Main . run ( Main . java : 277 ) at com . android . dx . command . dexer . Main . main ( Main . java : 245 ) at com . android . dx . command . Main . main ( Main . java : 106 ) |
网上查询了一下，找到如下的解决方法：
我们常常用 gradle.build文件导入依赖库，但是有时候库依赖会发生版本冲突或多个模块依赖同一个库的情况，这就引出两个问题，如下：
- 版本冲突时， Gradle会下载多个版本的依赖库吗？
- 当多个模块依赖同一个库时，每个模块都会去下载该依赖库吗？
为解决这疑问，接下来我们在 Android Studio用 Gradle举个例子：
gradle.build依赖部分的配置：
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | dependencies { compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:22.2.1' compile ( 'com.android.support:design:22.2.1' ) compile 'com.shamanland:fonticon:0.1.8' androidTestCompile 'com.android.support:support-annotations:22.2.1' androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:runner:0.3' androidTestCompile ( 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2' ) } |
在文件目录下或 Android Studio的 Terminal下敲 gradlew -q app:dependencies 命令，便有以下输出：
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 | _debugAndroidTestApk - # # Internal use , do not manually configure # # + -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.1 + -- - com . android . support . test : runner : 0.3 | + -- - com . android . support . test : exposed - instrumentation - api - publish : 0.3 | + -- - junit : junit : 4.12 | | \ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - core : 1.3 | \ -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.0 -> 22.2.1 \ -- - com . android . support . test . espresso : espresso - core : 2.2 + -- - com . android . support . test . espresso : espresso - idling - resource : 2.2 + -- - com . squareup : javawriter : 2.1.1 + -- - javax . inject : javax . inject : 1 + -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - library : 1.3 | \ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - core : 1.3 + -- - com . android . support . test : rules : 0.3 | \ -- - com . android . support . test : runner : 0.3 ( * ) + -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - integration : 1.3 | \ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - library : 1.3 ( * ) + -- - com . google . code . findbugs : jsr305 : 2.0.1 + -- - javax . annotation : javax . annotation - api : 1.2 \ -- - com . android . support . test : runner : 0.3 ( * ) _debugAndroidTestCompile - # # Internal use , do not manually configure # # + -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.1 + -- - com . android . support . test : runner : 0.3 | + -- - com . android . support . test : exposed - instrumentation - api - publish : 0.3 | + -- - junit : junit : 4.12 | | \ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - core : 1.3 | \ -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.0 -> 22.2.1 \ -- - com . android . support . test . espresso : espresso - core : 2.2 + -- - com . android . support . test . espresso : espresso - idling - resource : 2.2 + -- - com . squareup : javawriter : 2.1.1 + -- - javax . inject : javax . inject : 1 + -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - library : 1.3 | \ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - core : 1.3 + -- - com . android . support . test : rules : 0.3 | \ -- - com . android . support . test : runner : 0.3 ( * ) + -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - integration : 1.3 | \ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - library : 1.3 ( * ) + -- - com . google . code . findbugs : jsr305 : 2.0.1 + -- - javax . annotation : javax . annotation - api : 1.2 \ -- - com . android . support . test : runner : 0.3 ( * ) _debugApk - # # Internal use , do not manually configure # # + -- - com . android . support : multidex : 1.0.1 + -- - com . android . support : appcompat - v7 : 22.2.1 | \ -- - com . android . support : support - v4 : 22.2.1 | \ -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.1 + -- - com . android . support : design : 22.2.1 | + -- - com . android . support : appcompat - v7 : 22.2.1 ( * ) | \ -- - com . android . support : support - v4 : 22.2.1 ( * ) \ -- - com . shamanland : fonticon : 0.1.8 _debugCompile - # # Internal use , do not manually configure # # + -- - com . android . support : multidex : 1.0.1 + -- - com . android . support : appcompat - v7 : 22.2.1 | \ -- - com . android . support : support - v4 : 22.2.1 | \ -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.1 + -- - com . android . support : design : 22.2.1 | + -- - com . android . support : appcompat - v7 : 22.2.1 ( * ) | \ -- - com . android . support : support - v4 : 22.2.1 ( * ) \ -- - com . shamanland : fonticon : 0.1.8 _debugUnitTestApk - # # Internal use , do not manually configure # # No dependencies _debugUnitTestCompile - # # Internal use , do not manually configure # # No dependencies _releaseApk - # # Internal use , do not manually configure # # + -- - com . android . support : multidex : 1.0.1 + -- - com . android . support : appcompat - v7 : 22.2.1 | \ -- - com . android . support : support - v4 : 22.2.1 | \ -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.1 + -- - com . android . support : design : 22.2.1 | + -- - com . android . support : appcompat - v7 : 22.2.1 ( * ) | \ -- - com . android . support : support - v4 : 22.2.1 ( * ) \ -- - com . shamanland : fonticon : 0.1.8 _releaseCompile - # # Internal use , do not manually configure # # + -- - com . android . support : multidex : 1.0.1 + -- - com . android . support : appcompat - v7 : 22.2.1 | \ -- - com . android . support : support - v4 : 22.2.1 | \ -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.1 + -- - com . android . support : design : 22.2.1 | + -- - com . android . support : appcompat - v7 : 22.2.1 ( * ) | \ -- - com . android . support : support - v4 : 22.2.1 ( * ) \ -- - com . shamanland : fonticon : 0.1.8 _releaseUnitTestApk - # # Internal use , do not manually configure # # No dependencies _releaseUnitTestCompile - # # Internal use , do not manually configure # # No dependencies androidJacocoAgent - The Jacoco agent to use to get coverage data . \ -- - org . jacoco : org . jacoco . agent : 0.7.4.201502262128 androidJacocoAnt - The Jacoco ant tasks to use to get execute Gradle tasks . \ -- - org . jacoco : org . jacoco . ant : 0.7.4.201502262128 + -- - org . jacoco : org . jacoco . core : 0.7.4.201502262128 | \ -- - org . ow2 . asm : asm - debug - all : 5.0.1 + -- - org . jacoco : org . jacoco . report : 0.7.4.201502262128 | + -- - org . jacoco : org . jacoco . core : 0.7.4.201502262128 ( * ) | \ -- - org . ow2 . asm : asm - debug - all : 5.0.1 \ -- - org . jacoco : org . jacoco . agent : 0.7.4.201502262128 androidTestApk - Classpath packaged with the compiled 'androidTest' classes . No dependencies androidTestCompile - Classpath for compiling the androidTest sources . + -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.1 + -- - com . android . support . test : runner : 0.3 | + -- - com . android . support . test : exposed - instrumentation - api - publish : 0.3 | + -- - junit : junit : 4.12 | | \ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - core : 1.3 | \ -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.0 -> 22.2.1 \ -- - com . android . support . test . espresso : espresso - core : 2.2 + -- - com . android . support . test . espresso : espresso - idling - resource : 2.2 + -- - com . squareup : javawriter : 2.1.1 + -- - javax . inject : javax . inject : 1 + -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - library : 1.3 | \ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - core : 1.3 + -- - com . android . support . test : rules : 0.3 | \ -- - com . android . support . test : runner : 0.3 ( * ) + -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - integration : 1.3 | \ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - library : 1.3 ( * ) + -- - com . google . code . findbugs : jsr305 : 2.0.1 + -- - javax . annotation : javax . annotation - api : 1.2 \ -- - com . android . support . test : runner : 0.3 ( * ) androidTestProvided - Classpath for only compiling the androidTest sources . No dependencies androidTestWearApp - Link to a wear app to embed for object 'androidTest' . No dependencies apk - Classpath packaged with the compiled 'main' classes . No dependencies archives - Configuration for archive artifacts . No dependencies compile - Classpath for compiling the main sources . + -- - com . android . support : appcompat - v7 : 22.2.1 | \ -- - com . android . support : support - v4 : 22.2.1 | \ -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.1 + -- - com . android . support : design : 22.2.1 | + -- - com . android . support : appcompat - v7 : 22.2.1 ( * ) | \ -- - com . android . support : support - v4 : 22.2.1 ( * ) \ |
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